Togo

Official name: Togo

Capital: Lomé

Languages: French

Currency: West African CFA franc

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Togo, a small West African nation, has a rich history, vibrant culture, a diverse economy, and a multi-party political system. This page provides an overview of these aspects, highlighting the unique characteristics and contributions of Togo.

History: Togo’s history dates back to ancient times, with evidence of human settlements as far back as the 11th century. The region was influenced by various kingdoms and empires, including the Ewe and Mina peoples. European colonial powers, mainly Germany and later France, established control over different parts of Togo in the late 19th century. Togo gained independence from France in 1960 and has since experienced periods of political instability, including military coups and transitions to democracy.

Culture: Togo is known for its diverse ethnic groups, each with its own distinct cultural traditions, languages, and customs. The Ewe, Kabye, and Gurma are among the largest ethnic groups in the country. Traditional dances, such as the Atsia and Kamou, are performed during social gatherings and ceremonies. Togo is renowned for its vibrant music scene, particularly highlife and Afrobeat genres. Togolese cuisine features dishes like fufu (a starchy staple), grilled fish, and various soups. The country also takes pride in its arts and crafts, including woodcarvings, pottery, and textiles.

Economy: Togo’s economy is primarily based on agriculture, with subsistence farming being the main occupation for a large portion of the population. Major agricultural products include coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, and corn. The country is also developing its mining sector, with deposits of phosphate, limestone, and marble. Togo’s geographic location as a coastal nation provides opportunities for trade and port services. The government has implemented reforms to attract foreign investment and promote economic diversification, particularly in sectors such as manufacturing, tourism, and services.

Politics: Togo is a multi-party democracy with a President serving as the head of state. The country has experienced political transitions and periods of authoritarian rule. Efforts have been made to strengthen democratic institutions and ensure free and fair elections. The political landscape is characterized by multiple political parties, including the Union for the Republic (UNIR) and the National Alliance for Change (ANC). The government has also taken steps towards decentralization, empowering local authorities and promoting citizen participation in decision-making processes.

In conclusion, Togo’s history, culture, economy, and politics reflect its unique identity and the aspirations of its people. The cultural diversity, vibrant traditions, and artistic expressions contribute to the country’s cultural richness. Togo’s agricultural and mining sectors form the backbone of its economy, while efforts are underway to diversify and attract investment in other sectors. The political landscape is evolving, with ongoing efforts towards democratic governance and inclusive political participation. Togo offers visitors an opportunity to explore its cultural heritage, enjoy its music and cuisine, and engage with a nation striving for economic development, political stability, and social progress.

Types of Companies in Togo

Sole Proprietorship: A sole proprietorship is a business owned and operated by a single individual. It is the simplest form of business entity in Togo. The owner assumes all responsibilities and liabilities for the business.

Partnership: A partnership is a business owned and operated by two or more individuals. In Togo, partnerships can be general partnerships or limited partnerships. General partnerships involve shared responsibilities and liabilities, while limited partnerships have at least one general partner and one or more limited partners.

Limited Liability Company (SARL): A Limited Liability Company (Société à Responsabilité Limitée – SARL) is a separate legal entity from its owners. It offers limited liability protection to its shareholders and requires a minimum of two shareholders. SARLs are commonly used for small and medium-sized businesses in Togo.

Public Limited Company (SA): A Public Limited Company (Société Anonyme – SA) is a company whose shares are publicly traded. It requires a minimum of seven shareholders, and its shares can be freely bought and sold in the stock market.

Cooperative: A cooperative is an autonomous association of individuals who voluntarily join together to meet common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically controlled enterprise. Cooperatives can be formed in various sectors, including agriculture, production, and services.

Non-Governmental Organization (NGO): NGOs are nonprofit organizations that operate independently of the government. They typically focus on addressing social, cultural, educational, or environmental issues. NGOs in Togo play a crucial role in community development, healthcare, education, and other areas.

Microfinance Institutions (MFIs): MFIs are specialized financial institutions that provide financial services, such as microloans and microsavings, to low-income individuals and small businesses. These institutions aim to promote financial inclusion and support entrepreneurship in Togo.

Multinational Corporations (MNCs): Togo also hosts multinational corporations that have subsidiaries or branches operating in the country. These companies are usually large-scale businesses with operations spanning multiple countries.

“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Togo.”

Common Questions

What is the process of registering a company in Togo?

The process involves several steps, including name reservation, preparing the necessary documents, obtaining a notarized company constitution, and registering with the appropriate authorities.

What are the requirements to register a company in Togo?

The requirements vary depending on the type of company, but generally include identification documents, proof of address, articles of association, and payment of registration fees.

How long does it take to register a company in Togo?

The registration process can take several weeks to complete, depending on the efficiency of the authorities involved and the completeness of the required documents.

Can a foreigner register a company in Togo?

Yes, foreigners are allowed to register a company in Togo. However, specific requirements and restrictions may apply depending on the type of company and sector.

What is the minimum capital requirement for company registration in Togo?

The minimum capital requirement varies depending on the type of company. For example, the minimum capital for a SARL is XOF 1 million.

Can I register a company online in Togo?

Togo has an online portal called “Guichet Unique de Formalisation des Entreprises” where certain steps of the registration process can be completed online.

What is the validity period of the company registration certificate in Togo?

The company registration certificate is valid indefinitely, unless there are changes made to the company’s structure or ownership.

Can I change the company name after registration?

Yes, it is possible to change the company name after registration by following the prescribed procedures and paying the necessary fees.

Can I register a branch of a foreign company in Togo?

Yes, it is possible to register a branch of a foreign company in Togo. The branch must comply with the registration requirements and provide the necessary documentation.

Can I register a non-profit organization in Togo?

Yes, non-profit organizations can be registered in Togo. The registration process and requirements may vary for non-profit entities.

What is the role of the Togolese Chamber of Commerce and Industry in company registration?

The Togolese Chamber of Commerce and Industry plays a vital role in facilitating company registration and providing guidance on business matters in Togo.

Do I need a local partner to register a company in Togo?

In most cases, foreigners are not required to have a local partner to register a company in Togo. However, certain sectors may have specific regulations that require local participation.

Can I register a company with only one shareholder in Togo?

Yes, it is possible to register a company with only one shareholder in Togo, such as a sole proprietorship or a single-member SARL.

Do I need a lawyer or a legal representative to register a company in Togo?

While it is not mandatory to hire a lawyer or legal representative, it is advisable to seek professional assistance to ensure compliance with the legal requirements and procedures.

What taxes are applicable to registered companies in Togo?

Registered companies in Togo are subject to various taxes, including corporate income tax, value-added tax (VAT), and social security contributions.

Can I register a company in Togo without a physical office?

Companies in Togo are generally required to have a physical office or business address for registration purposes. However, virtual office options may be available.

“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Togo.”

Can I register an e-commerce company in Togo?

Yes, e-commerce companies can be registered in Togo. The registration process and requirements are generally similar to other types of companies.

Are there any specific regulations for foreign-owned companies in Togo?

Foreign-owned companies in Togo are subject to the same regulations as domestic companies. However, certain sectors may have additional requirements or restrictions.

What is the role of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry in company registration?

The Ministry of Commerce and Industry is responsible for overseeing the registration process and ensuring compliance with the relevant laws and regulations.

Can I register a company with a foreign currency capital in Togo?

Yes, it is possible to register a company with a foreign currency capital in Togo. The capital can be deposited in a foreign currency account.

Is it possible to register a company with a virtual share capital in Togo?

Togo does not currently have provisions for virtual share capital. The share capital must be deposited in a bank account in the company’s name.

Can I reserve a company name before starting the registration process in Togo?

Yes, you can reserve a company name by applying to the National Intellectual Property Office (ONAPI) before starting the registration process.

Can I register a company with a foreign director and local shareholders in Togo?

Yes, it is possible to have a foreign director and local shareholders in a company registered in Togo. The company’s structure should comply with the relevant regulations.

Do I need to provide a business plan for company registration in Togo?

Generally, a business plan is not required for company registration in Togo. However, it may be necessary for specific purposes, such as obtaining financing.

Are there any incentives or benefits for registered companies in Togo?

Yes, Togo offers various incentives and benefits to registered companies, such as tax exemptions, investment facilitation, and access to special economic zones.

Can I register a company as a foreigner without residing in Togo?

Yes, it is possible to register a company in Togo as a foreigner without residing in the country. However, certain procedures may require your presence or the assistance of a representative.

Are there any restrictions on foreign ownership in certain sectors in Togo?

Some sectors in Togo may have restrictions on foreign ownership or require specific permits or authorizations. It is advisable to research the regulations of the relevant sector.

Can I register a company in Togo with a trade name in a foreign language?

Yes, it is possible to register a company in Togo with a trade name in a foreign language. However, an official translation may be required for legal and administrative purposes.

“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Togo.”

What documents are required for the registration of a limited liability company (SARL) in Togo?

The required documents for registering a SARL typically include identification documents of the shareholders, notarized articles of association, proof of address, and bank statements.

Can I register a company in Togo with a unique business identifier?

Togo does not currently have a unique business identifier system. The company is identified by its registration number assigned during the registration process.

Can I register a company in Togo with a foreign director and foreign shareholders?

Yes, it is possible to have a foreign director and foreign shareholders in a company registered in Togo. However, specific requirements and regulations may apply.

Can I register a company in Togo with a post office box as the business address?

Generally, a post office box is not accepted as the business address for company registration in Togo. A physical address is typically required.

Are there any specific requirements for registering a company in the agricultural sector in Togo?

The agricultural sector may have specific requirements for company registration, such as land use permits or certifications related to agricultural activities.

Can I register a company in Togo with a foreign bank account?

It is generally recommended to open a bank account in a Togolese bank for company registration in Togo. However, specific regulations may apply for certain sectors or circumstances.

Can I register a company in Togo if I have a criminal record?

Having a criminal record may affect the registration process, as certain criminal offenses may be considered disqualifications or may require additional scrutiny. It is advisable to seek legal advice.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a minor?

Generally, minors cannot register a company on their own in Togo. The legal age for engaging in business activities is 18 years old.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am not a Togolese citizen or resident?

Yes, non-citizens and non-residents can register a company in Togo. However, certain regulations and restrictions may apply depending on the type of company and sector.

Can I register a company in Togo if I have a partnership agreement with a Togolese citizen?

Having a partnership agreement with a Togolese citizen can facilitate the registration process, but it does not guarantee automatic approval. Compliance with all relevant requirements is necessary.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am already a director or shareholder of another company?

Yes, you can register a company in Togo even if you are already a director or shareholder of another company. However, you should ensure compliance with any applicable regulations.

Can I register a company in Togo without a local representative or agent?

While it is not mandatory to have a local representative or agent, having one can facilitate the registration process and ensure compliance with local requirements.

Are there any specific requirements for registering a company in the construction sector in Togo?

The construction sector may have specific requirements, such as obtaining construction permits or licenses, in addition to the general registration process.

Can I register a company in Togo if I have previously declared bankruptcy?

Having a history of bankruptcy may impact the registration process and could require additional documentation or explanations. It is advisable to seek legal advice.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a Togolese citizen residing abroad?

Yes, Togolese citizens residing abroad can register a company in Togo. However, additional procedures may be required, such as appointing a local representative.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a foreign student studying in Togo?

As a foreign student, you may be able to register a company in Togo. However, it is essential to consider visa regulations and any limitations on business activities for students.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am an asylum seeker or refugee?

Asylum seekers or refugees may face additional challenges in registering a company in Togo due to legal and administrative considerations. It is advisable to seek legal advice.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a diplomat or a foreign embassy employee?

Diplomats or foreign embassy employees may face restrictions or limitations on engaging in commercial activities outside their official duties. It is advisable to consult with relevant authorities.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a foreign company representative? A: Yes, foreign company representatives can register a branch or subsidiary of their company in Togo. The registration process will require the submission of necessary documentation.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a foreign investor?

Yes, foreign investors can register a company in Togo. The country welcomes foreign investment, and the registration process is generally open to both domestic and foreign investors.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a member of the Togolese diaspora?

Yes, members of the Togolese diaspora can register a company in Togo. The registration process is open to Togolese citizens regardless of their current place of residence.

“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Togo.”

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a woman?

Yes, women are encouraged to register companies in Togo, and there are no specific gender-based restrictions or requirements for company registration.

Can I register a company in Togo if I have a temporary residence permit?

Depending on the type of temporary residence permit, you may be eligible to register a company in Togo. It is advisable to review the specific conditions of your permit.

Can I register a company in Togo if I am a freelancer or independent contractor?

Yes, freelancers or independent contractors can register a company in Togo, typically as a sole proprietorship or a single-member SARL.

Can I register a company in Togo if I have a social enterprise or non-profit business model?

Yes, social enterprises and non-profit organizations can register in Togo. Non-profit organizations have specific requirements and may need to follow a different registration process.

Can I register a company in Togo if I want to operate in the informal sector?

The informal sector typically operates outside the formal registration process. However, certain sectors or activities may require formal registration and compliance with regulations.

Can I register a company in Togo if I want to engage in import-export activities?

Yes, you can register a company in Togo to engage in import-export activities. Additional permits or licenses may be required for specific products or goods.

Major Banks in Togo

Banque Togolaise pour le Commerce et l’Industrie (BTCI) Website: http://www.btci.tg/

Banque Internationale pour l’Afrique au Togo (BIAT) Website: http://www.biat.tg/

Ecobank Togo Website: https://www.ecobank.com/tg

Union Togolaise de Banque (UTB) Website: http://www.utb.tg/

Banque Atlantique Togo Website: https://www.banqueatlantique.net/togo

Banque de l’Habitat du Togo (BHT) Website: http://www.bht.tg/

Banque Sahélo-Saharienne pour l’Investissement et le Commerce (BSIC Togo) Website: http://www.bsicbank.com/

Banque Ouest Africaine de Développement (BOAD) Website: http://www.boad.org/

Banque Régionale de Solidarité (BRS) Website: http://www.banque-brs.com/

Banque Togolaise de Développement (BTD) Website: N/A (No official website available)

“Our team can provide assistance if you need to open a bank account in Togo.”

The top universities in Togo

University of Lomé (Université de Lomé)

Location: Lomé
Website: http://www.univ-lome.tg/
Major Courses: Medicine, Law, Economics, Management, Computer Science, Literature, and Languages.

University of Kara (Université de Kara)

Location: Kara
Website: http://www.univ-kara.tg/
Major Courses: Economics, Management, Law, Computer Science, Mathematics, Literature, and Languages.

University of Sciences and Technologies of Togo (Université des Sciences et Technologies du Togo)

Location: Lomé
Website: http://www.usttogo.org/
Major Courses: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geology, Computer Science, Engineering.

University of Applied Management of Lomé (Université de Management Appliquée de Lomé)

Location: Lomé
Website: http://umalome.org/
Major Courses: Management, Marketing, Finance, Human Resources, Entrepreneurship.

University of Applied Sciences of Sokodé (Université des Sciences Appliquées de Sokodé)

Location: Sokodé
Website: N/A (No official website available)
Major Courses: Management, Economics, Accounting, Finance, Marketing.

University of Development Studies (Université des Sciences Sociales, de la Gestion et du Développement)

Location: Lomé
Website: N/A (No official website available)
Major Courses: Social Sciences, Development Studies, Public Administration, International Relations.

“If you need assistance registering for college or university, our team is here to help.”

Strange or unusual to visitors in Togo

Fetish Markets: Togo is known for its fetish markets, where traditional herbalists sell various items used in local rituals and traditional medicine. Visitors may find the sight of animal parts, bones, and other unusual objects for sale to be unfamiliar or strange.

Voodoo Practices: Voodoo is practiced in Togo, and visitors may witness voodoo ceremonies or rituals. The use of chants, dances, and animal sacrifices may be unfamiliar to some visitors.

Transportation: Togo’s transportation system can be quite unique. Visitors may encounter zemidjans, which are motorcycle taxis commonly used for short-distance travel. The sight of multiple people riding on a single motorcycle can be unusual for some.

Traditional Clothing: Togolese people often wear traditional clothing, such as the brightly colored fabric known as “pagne.” Visitors may find it interesting or unusual to see individuals dressed in traditional attire for everyday activities.

Food and Cuisine: Togo’s cuisine may have unfamiliar dishes or ingredients for some visitors. Staple foods like fufu (a starchy dough) and dishes prepared with ingredients like palm nut oil or fermented corn dough may be new experiences for visitors.

Market Culture: Togo’s vibrant markets can be bustling and chaotic, with vendors calling out their products and negotiating prices. The vibrant atmosphere, crowded spaces, and the range of products on display may be overwhelming or unusual for some visitors.

Greetings and Etiquette: Togolese people may have different cultural norms when it comes to greetings and etiquette. For example, it is common to greet others with a handshake, and it is considered polite to greet elders or authority figures first.

Power Outages: Visitors may experience occasional power outages in Togo, especially in rural areas or during certain times of the day. It’s advisable to be prepared with flashlights or candles and to be patient during such occurrences.

“Tips for Newcomers: Adjusting to Life in Togo”

Learn the Local Language: While French is the official language in Togo, learning some basic phrases in the local language, Ewe or Kabye, can go a long way in building connections and communicating with locals. It shows respect and helps you integrate into the community.

Embrace the Culture: Immerse yourself in Togolese culture by participating in local customs and traditions. Attend festivals, try local cuisine, and engage with the community to gain a deeper understanding of the cultural richness of Togo.

Establish a Support Network: Connect with fellow expatriates, join social or professional groups, and seek out local friends. Building a support network can help you navigate challenges, provide a sense of belonging, and offer opportunities for cultural exchange.

Respect Local Customs: Familiarize yourself with Togolese customs and traditions to avoid unintentional cultural misunderstandings. Respect local norms in terms of greetings, dress code, and social etiquette to foster positive relationships with the local community.

Be Open-Minded: Approach new experiences with an open mind and a willingness to adapt. Embrace the differences you encounter and be receptive to learning from the local culture. Flexibility and adaptability will make your transition smoother.

Stay Safe: Like in any new environment, familiarize yourself with safety precautions and be aware of your surroundings. Take necessary precautions to protect yourself and your belongings, especially in crowded areas or unfamiliar neighborhoods.

Explore the Country: Togo has diverse landscapes and attractions to explore. Take the opportunity to visit different regions, such as the beaches of the coast, the mountains in Kpalimé, or the vibrant markets in Lomé. Discover the natural beauty and cultural treasures that Togo has to offer.

Seek Local Assistance: When you encounter challenges or need assistance, don’t hesitate to seek help from local authorities or expatriate support services. They can provide guidance on administrative procedures, healthcare, or other practical matters.

Stay Connected: Maintain connections with friends and family back home through regular communication. The support and familiarity can provide a sense of comfort during your transition.

Have Patience: Adjusting to a new culture takes time, so be patient with yourself and the process. Embrace the journey, celebrate small victories, and be open to learning from the challenges you encounter.