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Horizontal tricolor flag bearing, from top to bottom, deep saffron, white, and green horizontal bands. In the center of the white band is a navy-blue wheel with 24 spokes.

 

Official Name: The Republic of India

 New Delhi

 Hindi and English (official), 14 recognized languages

Indian rupee (₹)(INR)

 

 

India

OUR SERVICES;                      

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  • Helping to prepare your documents
  • Start to finish your company registration process
  • Immigration services

 

India

 

India is a nation with a rich and diverse history that spans thousands of years. Its civilization dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world’s oldest urban settlements. Over the centuries, India has been a melting pot of different cultures, religions, and languages, giving rise to a vibrant and dynamic society.

The history of India can be traced through various empires and dynasties that have left their mark on the country. The Maurya Empire, led by Emperor Ashoka, was one of the most influential empires in ancient India. Ashoka’s conversion to Buddhism and his efforts to spread the teachings of the Buddha had a profound impact on the region.

In subsequent centuries, the Gupta Empire emerged as a golden age of Indian civilization, characterized by advancements in art, science, and mathematics. During this period, India became renowned for its universities, where scholars from around the world came to study.

India’s history also witnessed the arrival of Islam in the 12th century when Muslim rulers established various sultanates and later the Mughal Empire. The Mughals, known for their architectural marvels such as the Taj Mahal, contributed to the fusion of Indian and Persian cultures.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, India came under British colonial rule, which had a profound impact on the country’s political, economic, and social landscape. The Indian independence movement, led by figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, sought to liberate the country from British rule. After years of struggle, India finally gained its independence on August 15, 1947.

India’s cultural diversity is one of its defining characteristics. The country is home to numerous religions, including Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Each religion has its own customs, traditions, and festivals, contributing to the vibrant tapestry of Indian culture. Festivals like Diwali, Holi, Eid, and Christmas are celebrated with great enthusiasm across the country.

The Indian economy has experienced significant growth and transformation since independence. Initially, the country adopted a mixed economy model, with a focus on state-led industrialization. However, in the early 1990s, India embraced economic liberalization, opening up its markets to foreign investment and reducing trade barriers. This move led to increased foreign direct investment, the growth of the service sector, and the emergence of India as a global player in information technology and business process outsourcing.

Politics in India is characterized by a robust democratic system. The country follows a parliamentary system of government, with the President as the head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government. India has a multi-party system, with elections held regularly to determine the composition of the Parliament and state legislatures. Political parties represent diverse interests and ideologies, and coalition governments are often formed to ensure governance.

Despite its progress, India still faces various challenges. Poverty, inequality, and regional disparities remain significant issues. The country continues to strive for inclusive growth, social justice, and sustainable development. Efforts are being made to improve education, healthcare, and infrastructure, and promote gender equality and environmental conservation.

 

Types of Companies in India

 

Private Limited Company:

It is the most popular type of company in India, ideal for small and medium-sized businesses.
Requires a minimum of two directors and two shareholders.
Limits the liability of shareholders to their shareholdings.
Cannot invite the general public to subscribe to its shares.

Public Limited Company:

Suitable for large-scale businesses looking to raise capital from the public.
Requires a minimum of three directors and seven shareholders.
Allows the general public to subscribe to its shares through a stock exchange.
Provides limited liability to shareholders.

One Person Company (OPC):

Introduced to support single entrepreneurs and freelancers.
Allows a single person to form a company, acting as both the director and shareholder.
Provides limited liability to the sole member.
Has relaxed compliance requirements compared to other company types.

Limited Liability Partnership (LLP):

A hybrid form of partnership and company structure.
Provides limited liability to partners, protecting their personal assets.
Requires a minimum of two partners and no maximum limit.
Suitable for professional services firms, such as law firms, accounting firms, etc.

Sole Proprietorship:

The simplest and most common form of business structure.
Owned and managed by a single individual.
The owner is personally liable for all debts and obligations.
No legal distinction between the business and the owner.

Partnership Firm:

A business structure owned and managed by two or more partners.
Partners contribute capital, share profits, and jointly bear liabilities.
Partnerships can be registered or unregistered, but registration is recommended for better legal protection.

Section 8 Company (Non-Profit Organization):

Formed for promoting art, science, education, religion, charity, etc.
Profits earned are reinvested into the organization’s objectives; no distribution to members.
Requires a minimum of two directors and three shareholders.
Obtains a license under Section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013.

Producer Company:

Primarily formed by farmers, artisans, and rural entrepreneurs.
Aims to improve the financial status and agricultural activities of its members.
Members contribute to the capital and participate in decision-making.
Governed by the Companies Act, 2013.

Joint Venture:

A business arrangement between two or more entities to undertake a specific project.
Entities pool resources, share risks, and collaborate on profits.
Joint ventures can be incorporated as private limited companies, LLPs, or contractual agreements.

 

Common questions 

 

What are the types of companies that can be registered in India?

The types of companies that can be registered in India include private limited companies, public limited companies, one person companies, limited liability partnerships, and more.

How many shareholders are required to register a private limited company?

A minimum of two shareholders are required to register a private limited company in India.

Can a foreigner be a shareholder or director in an Indian company?

Yes, a foreigner can be a shareholder or director in an Indian company, subject to certain conditions and compliance requirements.

How much capital is required to register a private limited company?

There is no minimum capital requirement to register a private limited company in India. It can be registered with any amount of authorized capital.

Can a company be registered without a physical office?

No, a company must have a registered office address in India to complete the registration process.

What is the process of company registration in India?

The process of company registration involves obtaining Director Identification Number (DIN), Digital Signature Certificate (DSC), name approval, document preparation, submission of incorporation forms, and obtaining the Certificate of Incorporation.

How long does it take to register a company in India?

The time taken to register a company in India can range from a few days to a few weeks, depending on various factors and the efficiency of the registration process.

What are the documents required for company registration?

Documents required for company registration include identity proof, address proof, PAN card, photographs, utility bills, and consent letters from directors and shareholders.

Can a company be registered with a foreign address?

No, a company must have a registered office address in India to complete the registration process.

Is it mandatory to have a company name approved before registration?

Yes, it is mandatory to obtain name approval from the Registrar of Companies (ROC) before proceeding with the registration process.

Can the same company name be used for different types of companies?

No, the same company name cannot be used for different types of companies. It should be unique and not similar to existing company names.

Can a company change its name after registration?

Yes, a company can change its name after registration by following the prescribed procedure and obtaining approval from the ROC.

What is a Director Identification Number (DIN)?

DIN is a unique identification number issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) to individuals who intend to be appointed as directors of companies.

Can a person be a director in multiple companies?

Yes, a person can be a director in multiple companies, subject to the maximum limit of directorships as per the Companies Act.

What is a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)?

A DSC is an electronic certificate that serves as a digital equivalent of a handwritten signature and is used to sign electronic documents during the company registration process.

Can company registration be done online?

Yes, the process of company registration in India can be completed online through the MCA portal.

What are the statutory compliances after company registration?

Statutory compliances after company registration include filing annual returns, financial statements, holding board meetings, conducting annual general meetings, maintaining proper books of accounts, and complying with taxation and other regulatory requirements.

Can a company registered in one state operate in other states?

Yes, a company registered in one state can operate in other states by obtaining necessary licenses, permits, and complying with the applicable laws of those states.

Can a company registered in India have foreign directors or shareholders?

Yes, a company registered in India can have foreign directors or shareholders, subject to compliance with the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) and other applicable laws.

What is the minimum number of directors required for a private limited company?

A minimum of two directors are required for a private limited company in India.

Can a company have more than one director from the same family?

Yes, a company can have more than one director from the same family, but it is advisable to have a mix of directors to ensure proper corporate governance.

Can a person be a shareholder and director in the same company?

Yes, a person can be both a shareholder and director in the same company.

What is the Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA)?

The MOA and AOA are legal documents that define the constitution, objectives, and rules and regulations of a company.

Can the MOA and AOA be changed after company registration?

Yes, the MOA and AOA can be changed after company registration by following the prescribed procedure and obtaining approval from the ROC.

Is it mandatory to have a company seal?

No, it is not mandatory to have a company seal. The use of company seals has been abolished in India.

Can a company be registered with multiple business activities?

Yes, a company can be registered with multiple business activities by specifying the same in the MOA and AOA.

Can a company registered in one state change its registered office to another state?

Yes, a company registered in one state can change its registered office to another state by following the prescribed procedure and obtaining approval from the ROC.

Is it mandatory to appoint a company secretary?

No, it is not mandatory for a private limited company to appoint a company secretary unless it meets certain specified criteria.

Can a person be the director of a company without being a shareholder?

Yes, a person can be the director of a company without being a shareholder. Shareholding and directorship are distinct roles.

Can the director of a company be changed after registration?

Yes, the director of a company can be changed after registration by following the prescribed procedure and obtaining approval from the ROC.

What is the role of the Registrar of Companies (ROC)?

The ROC is responsible for the administration and regulation of companies in India. It approves company registrations, maintains company records, and ensures compliance with the Companies Act.

What is the role of a company secretary?

A company secretary is responsible for ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, maintaining company records, organizing board meetings, and providing guidance on corporate governance matters.

Can a company have a different registered office and operational office?

Yes, a company can have a different registered office and operational office. The registered office is the official address of the company for communication and legal purposes, while the operational office is where the day-to-day business activities are conducted.

Can a company registered in India have foreign shareholders?

Yes, a company registered in India can have foreign shareholders, subject to compliance with the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) and other applicable laws.

What are the tax implications after company registration?

After company registration, the company is required to obtain a Permanent Account Number (PAN), file income tax returns, pay applicable taxes, and comply with other tax-related obligations.

Can a registered company be dissolved or closed?

Yes, a registered company can be dissolved or closed by following the prescribed procedure, which may involve shareholder approval, clearance of liabilities, and compliance with legal requirements.

Can the shareholding pattern of a company be changed after registration?

Yes, the shareholding pattern of a company can be changed after registration by transferring or issuing new shares to shareholders.

Can a registered company change its business activities?

Yes, a registered company can change its business activities by amending the MOA and AOA and obtaining approval from the ROC.

Can a company registered as a private limited company convert into a public limited company?

Yes, a company registered as a private limited company can convert into a public limited company by following the prescribed procedure and obtaining approval from the ROC.

Can a company registered as a private limited company convert into a one person company (OPC)?

No, a private limited company cannot directly convert into a one person company (OPC). However, it can be converted into a sole proprietorship by transferring shares to a single shareholder.

Can a registered company change its registered office within the same city?

Yes, a registered company can change its registered office within the same city by following the prescribed procedure and informing the ROC.

Can a registered company change its name after registration?

Yes, a registered company can change its name after registration by following the prescribed procedure and obtaining approval from the ROC.

Can a registered company merge with another company?

Yes, a registered company can merge with another company by following the prescribed procedure, which involves shareholder approval, court approval, and compliance with other legal requirements.

Can a registered company have multiple branches or locations?

Yes, a registered company can have multiple branches or locations in India or abroad, subject to compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

Can a registered company issue shares to the public?

Yes, a public limited company can issue shares to the public through a process called an initial public offering (IPO) after fulfilling the necessary regulatory requirements.

Can a registered company have different classes of shares?

Yes, a registered company can have different classes of shares, such as equity shares, preference shares, and debentures, with different rights and privileges attached to each class.

Can a registered company be converted into a partnership firm?

No, a registered company cannot be directly converted into a partnership firm. However, the business activities of the company can be transferred to a partnership firm through a process of reconstitution or by forming a new partnership.

What are the consequences of non-compliance with company registration requirements?

Non-compliance with company registration requirements can lead to penalties, fines, legal proceedings, loss of business credibility, and even dissolution of the company. It is important to comply with all applicable laws and regulations to ensure smooth business operations and avoid legal complications.

 

Major Banks in India

 

 

The top universities in India

 

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay):

    • Website: www.iitb.ac.in
    • Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
    • Major Courses: Engineering, Technology, Science, Design, Management

Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore:

    • Website: www.iisc.ac.in
    • Location: Bangalore, Karnataka
    • Major Courses: Science, Engineering, Research

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi):

    • Website: www.iitd.ac.in
    • Location: New Delhi
    • Major Courses: Engineering, Technology, Science, Design

Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras):

    • Website: www.iitm.ac.in
    • Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
    • Major Courses: Engineering, Technology, Sciences, Humanities, Management

Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur):

    • Website: www.iitk.ac.in
    • Location: Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
    • Major Courses: Engineering, Technology, Sciences, Management

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur):

    • Website: www.iitkgp.ac.in
    • Location: Kharagpur, West Bengal
    • Major Courses: Engineering, Technology, Sciences, Management, Humanities

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee):

    • Website: www.iitr.ac.in
    • Location: Roorkee, Uttarakhand
    • Major Courses: Engineering, Technology, Architecture, Sciences, Management

University of Delhi:

    • Website: www.du.ac.in
    • Location: Delhi
    • Major Courses: Arts, Commerce, Sciences, Law, Medicine

University of Hyderabad:

    • Website: www.uohyd.ac.in
    • Location: Hyderabad, Telangana
    • Major Courses: Sciences, Social Sciences, Humanities, Management, Fine Arts

Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU):

    • Website: www.jnu.ac.in
    • Location: New Delhi
    • Major Courses: Social Sciences, Humanities, Sciences, Law, Languages

“If you need assistance registering for college or university, our team is here to help.”

 

Strange or unusual to visitors in India

 

Traffic chaos: The traffic in India, especially in major cities, can be chaotic and overwhelming for visitors. The constant honking of horns, lack of lane discipline, and the presence of various modes of transportation sharing the same road space can be quite unusual for those who are not used to it.

Varied cuisine: Indian cuisine is incredibly diverse and can offer a wide range of flavors and dishes that may be unfamiliar to visitors. Spicy curries, street food, and a variety of vegetarian options may be new and unusual for some.

Cows on the streets: In India, cows are considered sacred by Hindus, and it is common to see them freely roaming the streets. It can be unusual for visitors to encounter cows walking on the roads or even sitting in the middle of busy intersections.

Bargaining culture: Bargaining or haggling is a common practice in markets and small shops in India. Visitors may find it strange to negotiate the price of goods or services, as it is not as common in some other countries.

Overcrowded trains and buses: Public transportation in India, especially during peak hours, can be extremely crowded. Trains and buses are often packed with people, and it may be unusual for visitors to see such large numbers of passengers crammed into a single vehicle.

Street markets and bazaars: India is known for its vibrant street markets and bazaars, where vendors sell a variety of goods, including clothing, accessories, spices, and handicrafts. The hustle and bustle, along with the lively atmosphere and the sheer number of vendors, can be overwhelming and unusual for some visitors.

Public displays of affection: Public displays of affection, such as hugging, kissing, or holding hands, are not as common in many parts of India compared to some other countries. Visitors may find it unusual to see limited displays of physical affection in public.

Spitting in public: Spitting in public is unfortunately a common sight in some parts of India. Visitors may find it strange and unpleasant to see people spitting on the streets or in public spaces.

Rituals and ceremonies: India is known for its rich cultural and religious traditions, which often involve colorful rituals and ceremonies. Visitors may find it unusual to witness elaborate religious processions, fire rituals, or other traditional practices.

Caste system: The caste system, although officially abolished, still influences Indian society to some extent. Visitors may find it unusual to encounter social divisions and the influence of caste in certain aspects of life, such as marriage or occupation.

 

“Tips for Newcomers: Adjusting to Life in India”

 

Embrace the culture: India has a rich and diverse culture, so be open to experiencing new customs, traditions, and cuisines. Engage with the local community, attend festivals, and explore historical sites to better understand and appreciate Indian culture.

Be patient and flexible: India can be chaotic and unpredictable at times. Cultivate patience and be prepared for unexpected situations. Flexibility and adaptability will go a long way in adjusting to the different pace of life and overcoming any challenges that may arise.

Learn the local language: While English is widely spoken in India, learning a few basic words and phrases in the local language will help you communicate better and connect with locals on a deeper level. Hindi is the most widely spoken language, but languages vary across different regions of the country.

Respect local customs and traditions: India is a diverse country with various religious and cultural practices. Respect the customs and traditions of the local community, and be mindful of dressing modestly and following appropriate behavior, especially when visiting religious sites.

Stay safe and healthy: India’s climate, food, and water may be different from what you are accustomed to. Take necessary precautions to stay safe and healthy, such as drinking bottled water, avoiding street food until your stomach adjusts, and using mosquito repellent to prevent mosquito-borne diseases.

Get to know your neighborhood: Explore your local neighborhood, find out where the nearest markets, banks, hospitals, and other essential services are located. Familiarize yourself with the public transportation system and learn about any safety considerations specific to your area.

Build a support network: Establish connections with fellow expats, colleagues, or locals who can offer advice, support, and insights into living in India. Join expat communities or social groups to meet like-minded individuals and help you feel more at home.

Stay mindful of personal safety: India is generally a safe country, but like any other place, it’s important to be aware of your surroundings and take precautions. Avoid isolated areas at night, secure your belongings, and be cautious when using public transportation or dealing with strangers.

Seek professional guidance: If you’re finding it challenging to navigate certain aspects of life in India, consider seeking professional guidance. Relocation services or expat organizations can provide valuable assistance with paperwork, housing, and other logistical matters.

Embrace the adventure: Remember that living in a new country is an adventure. Embrace the opportunities for personal growth, learning, and exploration that come with the experience. Stay open-minded, be patient with yourself, and enjoy the journey of discovering India.

 

Top recruitment agencies in India

 

Necessary phone numbers in India

 

Emergency Services:

  • Police: 100
  • Fire: 101
  • Ambulance: 102
  • Disaster Management: 108
  • All-in-One Emergency Helpline Number: 112 (this number can be dialed for any emergency service)

Women’s Helpline:

  • Women’s Helpline (domestic violence, harassment, etc.): 181
  • National Commission for Women: 011-26944880, 26944883

Child Helpline:

  • Child Helpline: 1098
  • National Commission for Protection of Child Rights: 011-23478200

Medical Assistance:

  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS): 011-26588500
  • Centralized Ambulance Service: 108

Road Accident Helpline:

  • Road Accident Emergency Service: 1073

Railway Enquiry:

  • Indian Railways General Enquiry: 139
  • Indian Railways Centralized Enquiry: 131

Airline Enquiry:

  • Domestic Airlines Enquiry: 140
  • International Airlines Enquiry: 1800-180-1407

Telecom Services:

  • Customer Care for Mobile Services: Contact your specific mobile service provider’s customer care number.

Anti-Corruption:

  • Central Vigilance Commission: 1964
  • Anti-Corruption Helpline: 1800-11-0180

 

The best way to immigrate to India

 

Employment Visa: If you have a job offer from an Indian employer, you can apply for an employment visa. The employer will need to sponsor your visa application, and you will need to meet the specific eligibility criteria and provide necessary documentation.

Business Visa: If you plan to establish a business or invest in India, you can apply for a business visa. This type of visa allows you to engage in business activities and manage your investments in the country.

Student Visa: If you wish to study in India, you can apply for a student visa. You will need to obtain admission to a recognized educational institution in India and provide the necessary documentation, including proof of financial support and educational qualifications.

Research Visa: If you are a researcher or academic planning to conduct research or teaching activities in India, you can apply for a research visa. This visa requires sponsorship from a recognized research institution or university in India.

Spouse/Dependent Visa: If your spouse or immediate family member is an Indian citizen or holds an Indian visa, you may be eligible for a spouse or dependent visa. This allows you to join your family member in India.

Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) Card: The OCI card is available to individuals of Indian origin or former Indian citizens who have acquired citizenship of another country. The OCI card allows for multiple entries, lifelong stay, and certain rights similar to Indian citizens, excluding the right to vote or hold certain government positions.

 

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