Official Name: The Arab Republic of Egypt
Cairo
Arabic
Egyptian pound (EGP)
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- Start to finish your company registration process
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Egypt
Egypt, a country located in Northeast Africa and the Middle East, has a rich and ancient history, vibrant culture, diverse economy, and complex political landscape. From the birth of one of the world’s earliest civilizations to modern-day challenges and aspirations, Egypt’s historical journey has left an indelible mark on the world.
Egypt’s history is deeply intertwined with the Nile River, which has sustained civilizations for thousands of years. Ancient Egypt, known for its pharaohs, pyramids, and monumental architecture, flourished along the banks of the Nile. The civilization of the Pharaohs developed advanced systems of writing, science, and governance, leaving a lasting legacy that continues to fascinate people worldwide. Egypt later saw the rise and fall of various empires, including the conquest of Alexander the Great and Roman rule.
Egyptian culture is renowned for its art, literature, and religious beliefs. The ancient Egyptian pantheon and mythology still captivate the imagination. The country is also known for its iconic landmarks, such as the Great Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the temples of Luxor and Abu Simbel. Egyptian cuisine, music, and traditional festivals contribute to the vibrant cultural tapestry of the country. Islam is the predominant religion, and Arabic is the official language.
The economy of Egypt is diverse, with sectors such as tourism, agriculture, manufacturing, and services playing vital roles. Egypt’s rich historical heritage attracts millions of tourists each year, contributing significantly to the economy. The country is also known for its agricultural production, particularly cotton, fruits, and vegetables. In recent years, Egypt has focused on infrastructure development, energy projects, and economic reforms to attract foreign investment and stimulate growth.
Politically, Egypt is a presidential republic. The country has experienced various political transitions and challenges throughout its modern history. In 2011, a popular uprising led to the ousting of President Hosni Mubarak, marking a significant turning point. Subsequently, Egypt witnessed political transformations, including the election of Mohamed Morsi, followed by his removal and the rise of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. Egypt’s political landscape continues to evolve, with a focus on stability, security, and social development.
As Egypt moves forward, it faces diverse challenges, including poverty, unemployment, population growth, and regional security concerns. The government is working on initiatives to promote economic inclusivity, enhance education and healthcare, and invest in sustainable development projects. Egypt is also actively involved in regional affairs, playing a crucial role in mediating conflicts and fostering diplomatic relations.
Egypt’s history, culture, economy, and politics intertwine to shape its present and future. While challenges persist, the country’s rich heritage, natural resources, and resilient population provide a foundation for its aspirations to achieve stability, economic prosperity, and social progress. Egypt’s contributions to world history and culture continue to inspire awe and fascination, reminding us of the enduring legacy of this remarkable civilization.
Types of Companies in Egypt
Public Joint-Stock Companies (S.A.E.): These are companies that offer shares to the public and are listed on the Egyptian Exchange (EGX). They have a minimum capital requirement and are subject to regulations set by the Egyptian Financial Regulatory Authority (FRA).
Private Joint-Stock Companies (S.A.E.): Similar to public joint-stock companies, but their shares are not available to the general public for trading. Private joint-stock companies have a minimum capital requirement and must adhere to legal requirements.
Limited Liability Companies (LLC): LLCs are a popular form of business in Egypt. They provide limited liability protection to their owners and have fewer regulatory requirements compared to joint-stock companies. LLCs can have one or more shareholders.
Sole Proprietorships: This is the simplest form of business structure in Egypt. It involves a single individual who owns and operates the business. Sole proprietorships are easy to establish, but the owner is personally liable for the company’s debts.
Partnerships: Partnerships can take the form of general partnerships or limited partnerships. In a general partnership, all partners have unlimited liability for the company’s debts. In a limited partnership, there are general partners with unlimited liability and limited partners with liability limited to their investment.
Branch Offices: Foreign companies can establish branch offices in Egypt to conduct business operations. These branches are subject to Egyptian laws and regulations.
Representative Offices: Representative offices are established by foreign companies to conduct non-profit activities such as market research, promotion, and liaison with local entities. They cannot engage in commercial activities.
Free Zone Companies: Egypt has several free zones where companies can enjoy tax incentives and other benefits. Free zone companies are allowed to import, export, and manufacture goods for both domestic and international markets.
Holding Companies: Holding companies are established to own and control other companies, primarily through the ownership of their shares. They provide a centralized structure for managing subsidiary companies.
“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Egypt .”
Common Questions
What are the types of companies that can be registered in Egypt?
The types of companies that can be registered in Egypt include public joint-stock companies, private joint-stock companies, limited liability companies, partnerships, sole proprietorships, branch offices, and representative offices.
What is the minimum capital requirement for registering a company in Egypt?
The minimum capital requirement varies depending on the type of company. For example, the minimum capital requirement for a limited liability company is EGP 50,000.
Can a foreigner register a company in Egypt?
Yes, foreigners are allowed to register companies in Egypt. However, there may be certain restrictions and requirements depending on the type of company and the sector of activity.
What is the process for company registration in Egypt?
The process for company registration involves several steps, including obtaining necessary approvals, preparing legal documents, depositing the required capital, and registering with the relevant authorities.
Can I register a company online in Egypt?
Yes, Egypt has an online portal called the One-Stop Shop Portal, which allows for online company registration.
What documents are required for company registration in Egypt?
The required documents typically include a memorandum of association, articles of association, proof of capital, passport copies of shareholders and directors, and a power of attorney, among others.
How long does it take to register a company in Egypt?
The registration process can take several weeks to complete, depending on the type of company and the efficiency of the registration process.
Can I register a company with a virtual office address?
No, a physical office address is generally required for company registration in Egypt.
Do I need a local partner to register a company in Egypt?
It depends on the type of company and the sector of activity. In certain sectors, having a local partner may be required.
What are the taxes applicable to registered companies in Egypt?
The taxes applicable to registered companies in Egypt include corporate income tax, value-added tax (VAT), and other taxes and levies depending on the nature of the business.
Can I register a company with only one shareholder in Egypt?
Yes, a limited liability company can be registered with a single shareholder.
Is there a requirement to have a board of directors for registered companies?
Public joint-stock companies and private joint-stock companies are required to have a board of directors. Other types of companies may have different requirements.
Can I register a company with a foreign director?
Yes, a company in Egypt can have a foreign director. However, there may be certain requirements and restrictions depending on the type of company.
“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Egypt .”
What is the role of the General Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI) in company registration?
GAFI is responsible for overseeing and facilitating the process of company registration and investment in Egypt.
Can I change the legal structure of my company after registration?
Changing the legal structure of a company after registration is possible, but it may involve a legal process and compliance with relevant regulations.
Can I register a company with a trade name in a foreign language?
Yes, it is possible to register a company with a trade name in a foreign language, but it is recommended to also have an Arabic translation of the trade name.
Do I need a lawyer or legal representative to register a company in Egypt?
While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to seek the assistance of a lawyer or legal representative familiar with Egyptian company law to ensure compliance and smooth registration.
Can I register a company with a non-Egyptian nationality?
Yes, individuals of non-Egyptian nationality can register a company in Egypt.
Can I register a company with a non-Egyptian address?
Generally, a physical address in Egypt is required for company registration. However, certain types of companies, such as representative offices, may have different requirements.
Can I register a company with multiple activities?
Yes, a company can be registered with multiple activities, subject to compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
Can I register a company without visiting Egypt?
It is advisable to visit Egypt during the company registration process to complete necessary formalities and provide required documentation. However, certain tasks can be handled through a legal representative.
Are there any incentives or benefits for registering a company in certain sectors in Egypt?
Yes, Egypt offers various incentives and benefits for investment in certain sectors, such as tax exemptions, customs duty exemptions, and land use rights.
Can I register a company with a foreign bank account?
It is possible to have a foreign bank account for your company, but you will also need to open an Egyptian bank account to conduct local transactions.
Can I register a company as a non-resident?
Yes, non-residents can register a company in Egypt. However, there may be specific requirements and procedures that need to be followed.
Can I register a company without a local sponsor in Egypt?
The requirement for a local sponsor depends on the type of company and the sector of activity. In some cases, a local sponsor or partner may be required.
“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Egypt .”
Can I register a company in a free zone in Egypt?
Yes, it is possible to register a company in one of the free zones in Egypt. Free zones offer certain advantages and incentives for businesses.
Can I register a branch office of my foreign company in Egypt?
Yes, it is possible to register a branch office of a foreign company in Egypt, subject to compliance with relevant regulations and requirements.
Can I register a company with foreign employees in Egypt?
Yes, a company can employ foreign workers in Egypt. However, there may be certain requirements and procedures to obtain work permits and visas for foreign employees.
Can I register a company with an Egyptian national as a partner?
Yes, an Egyptian national can be a partner in a registered company.
Can I register a company without a physical office space?
Generally, a physical office space is required for company registration. However, certain types of companies, such as representative offices, may have different requirements.
Can I register a company with a virtual office address?
No, a virtual office address is generally not accepted for company registration in Egypt.
Can I register a company with a foreign company name?
Yes, it is possible to register a company with a foreign company name, but it is recommended to also have an Arabic translation of the company name.
Can I register a company with a foreign nationality as a shareholder?
Yes, individuals or entities with foreign nationalities can be shareholders in an Egyptian company.
Can I register a company with a foreign currency capital?
Yes, it is possible to register a company with a foreign currency capital. However, it will be converted to Egyptian pounds for administrative purposes.
Can I register a company without a tax identification number?
No, a tax identification number is required for company registration in Egypt.
Can I register a company without an Egyptian national as a director?
It is possible to have a foreign national as a director in an Egyptian company. However, certain types of companies may have different requirements.
Can I register a company without a local business partner?
The requirement for a local business partner depends on the type of company and the sector of activity. In some cases, a local business partner or sponsor may be required.
Can I register a company with a non-Egyptian as a majority shareholder?
Yes, a non-Egyptian can be a majority shareholder in an Egyptian company.
Can I register a company without an Egyptian bank account?
It is generally required to have an Egyptian bank account for company registration, as it is needed for capital deposit and other financial transactions.
Can I register a company without a local representative?
It is recommended to have a local representative or legal representative to assist with the company registration process in Egypt.
“Our team can provide assistance if you need help registering a company in Egypt .”
Can I register a company without an Egyptian trade license?
No, an Egyptian trade license is required for company registration in Egypt.
Can I register a company without a commercial registration certificate?
No, a commercial registration certificate is required for company registration in Egypt.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary approvals from regulatory authorities?
No, necessary approvals from regulatory authorities may be required depending on the nature of the business and the sector of activity.
Can I register a company without a notarized power of attorney?
A notarized power of attorney is generally required for company registration in Egypt, especially if you are appointing a legal representative.
Can I register a company without registering with the relevant social insurance authorities?
No, registering with the relevant social insurance authorities is a mandatory requirement for company registration in Egypt.
Can I register a company without paying the required registration fees?
Registration fees are mandatory for company registration in Egypt. Failure to pay the required fees may result in the rejection of the registration application.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary permits or licenses for specific activities?
Depending on the nature of the business, certain permits or licenses may be required for specific activities. It is important to comply with all legal requirements.
Can I register a company without submitting the required financial statements?
Financial statements may be required as part of the registration process, especially for certain types of companies. It is important to provide accurate financial information.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary environmental approvals?
Depending on the nature of the business, certain environmental approvals may be required. It is important to comply with environmental regulations.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary health and safety approvals? Depending on the nature of the business, certain health and safety approvals may be required. It is important to comply with health and safety regulations.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary permits for import and export activities?
If your business involves import or export activities, it is important to obtain the necessary permits and licenses from relevant authorities.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary approvals for construction activities?
If your business involves construction activities, it is important to obtain the necessary approvals from relevant authorities.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary approvals for intellectual property protection?
Depending on your business and the need for intellectual property protection, it is advisable to obtain the necessary approvals and registrations.
Can I register a company without obtaining necessary approvals for food-related businesses?
If your business involves food-related activities, it is important to obtain the necessary approvals and permits from relevant authorities.
Can I register a company without complying with labor and employment regulations?
Compliance with labor and employment regulations is essential when registering a company in Egypt. It includes obtaining work permits, complying with minimum wage laws, and adhering to labor rights and regulations.
Major Banks in Egypt
National Bank of Egypt (NBE) – www.nbe.com.eg
Banque Misr – www.banquemisr.com
Commercial International Bank (CIB) – www.cibeg.com
Banque du Caire – www.banqueducaire.com
QNB Alahli (Qatar National Bank Alahli) – www.qnbalahli.com
Arab African International Bank (AAIB) – www.aaib.com
AlexBank – www.alexbank.com
Housing and Development Bank (HDB) – www.hdb-egy.com
Export Development Bank of Egypt (EBE) – www.edbebank.com
Faisal Islamic Bank of Egypt – www.faisalbank.com
Suez Canal Bank – www.scb.com.eg
Egyptian Gulf Bank – www.eg-bank.com
Credit Agricole Egypt – www.ca-egypt.com
United Bank of Egypt – www.theubeg.com
Al Baraka Bank Egypt – www.albaraka-bank.com.eg
Commercial Bank of Egypt – www.cbe.org.eg
Industrial Development and Workers Bank of Egypt – www.idwbe.com
National Bank of Kuwait (NBK) – www.nbk.com.eg
Egyptian Arab Land Bank – www.ealb.org
Ahli United Bank Egypt – www.ahliunited.com.eg
“Our team can provide assistance if you need to open a bank account in Egypt .”
The top universities in Egypt
Cairo University
- QS Ranking: 401-410
- Website: www.cu.edu.eg
- Location: Giza
- Major Courses: Medicine, Engineering, Computer Science, Business Administration, Arts, and Humanities.
American University in Cairo (AUC)
- QS Ranking: 411-420
- Website: www.aucegypt.edu
- Location: New Cairo
- Major Courses: Business Administration, Economics, Political Science, Computer Science, Engineering, and Humanities.
Alexandria University
- QS Ranking: 801-1000
- Website: www.alexu.edu.eg
- Location: Alexandria
- Major Courses: Medicine, Engineering, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Agriculture, and Arts.
Ain Shams University
- QS Ranking: 801-1000
- Website: www.asu.edu.eg
- Location: Cairo
- Major Courses: Medicine, Engineering, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Economics, and Agriculture.
Mansoura University
- QS Ranking: 801-1000
- Website: www.mans.edu.eg
- Location: Mansoura
- Major Courses: Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Engineering, Science, and Agriculture.
Assiut University
- QS Ranking: 801-1000
- Website: www.aun.edu.eg
- Location: Assiut Major Courses: Medicine, Engineering, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Agriculture, and Arts.
Zagazig University
QS Ranking: 801-1000
- Website: www.zu.edu.eg
- Location: Zagazig
- Major Courses: Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Engineering, Agriculture, and Arts.
- Helwan University
QS Ranking: 1001+
- Website: www.helwan.edu.eg
- Location: Cairo
- Major Courses: Engineering, Fine Arts, Applied Arts, Commerce, Business Administration, and Education.
“If you need assistance registering for college or university, our team is here to help.”
Strange or unusual to visitors in Egypt
Street Chaos: The traffic in Egyptian cities can be quite chaotic, with honking horns, crowded streets, and seemingly disorganized traffic flow. This may be overwhelming for visitors accustomed to more structured traffic systems.
Street Peddlers: Egypt has a vibrant street culture, and visitors may encounter numerous street peddlers and vendors selling various goods and services on the sidewalks. It’s common to be approached by sellers offering everything from souvenirs to street food.
Bargaining Culture: Bargaining is a common practice in Egypt, especially in markets and souks. Visitors may find it unusual or challenging to negotiate prices with shopkeepers, as it’s expected to haggle for a better deal.
Traditional Dress: The traditional dress in Egypt, particularly in more conservative areas, can be different from what visitors are accustomed to. It’s common to see men wearing galabiyas (loose-fitting robes) and women wearing hijabs or niqabs (head coverings).
Gender Segregation: In some public places, particularly mosques or conservative settings, there may be gender segregation, with separate areas or entrances for men and women. Visitors should be mindful of local customs and follow the guidelines in such situations.
Tea Culture: Egyptians have a strong tea-drinking culture, and it is common to be offered tea as a sign of hospitality. Visitors might find it unusual to have tea served without milk, but rather with a generous amount of sugar.
Time Flexibility: Egyptians may have a more relaxed attitude toward punctuality and timekeeping compared to some Western cultures. It’s not uncommon for meetings or events to start a bit later than scheduled, so visitors should be prepared for some flexibility in this regard.
Street Animals: Stray cats and dogs are a common sight in Egyptian cities, and visitors may find it unusual to see them freely roaming the streets. However, they are generally harmless and are often taken care of by locals.
Water Conservation: Due to water scarcity, Egyptians practice water conservation measures, such as using small buckets for showering or turning off faucets when not in use. Visitors may find these practices different from what they are accustomed to.
Street Cafés: Sidewalk cafés, known as ahwas, are popular social spots in Egypt. Visitors may find it unusual to see men gathering in these cafés for hours, smoking shisha (hookah), playing backgammon, and engaging in lively discussions.
“Tips for Newcomers: Adjusting to Life in Egypt ”
Embrace the Culture: Take the time to learn about Egyptian culture, traditions, and customs. Show respect for local traditions and customs, and try to immerse yourself in the local way of life.
Learn Arabic: While many Egyptians speak English, learning some basic Arabic phrases will greatly enhance your experience and help you communicate with locals more effectively. It shows an effort to connect with the local community.
Dress Modestly: Egypt is a predominantly Muslim country, and modesty in dress is appreciated, especially in more conservative areas. It’s advisable to dress modestly and respectfully, particularly when visiting religious sites or local neighborhoods.
Patience with Traffic: Traffic in Egypt can be chaotic and congested. Be prepared for longer commute times and exercise patience when on the roads. It’s also a good idea to familiarize yourself with public transportation options to navigate the city more efficiently.
Bargain Wisely: Bargaining is a common practice in markets and souks. When shopping, try your hand at haggling but do so respectfully. Remember to maintain a friendly attitude and know when to walk away if the price doesn’t meet your expectations.
Be Mindful of Water and Food: Drink bottled water and ensure that food is properly cooked and prepared to avoid any potential health issues. It’s also helpful to gradually introduce street food into your diet to allow your stomach to adjust.
Explore Egyptian Cuisine: Egyptian cuisine is diverse and flavorful. Be adventurous and try local dishes such as koshari, ful medames, and Egyptian desserts like basbousa and konafa. It’s an excellent way to experience the local flavors and culinary traditions.
Socialize and Make Local Connections: Egyptians are known for their hospitality. Take the opportunity to socialize and make local friends. They can provide valuable insights into the culture, help you navigate the city, and make your stay more enjoyable.
Respect Religious Practices: Egypt is home to many mosques and religious sites. Show respect when visiting these places by dressing modestly, removing your shoes when required, and adhering to any specific rules or guidelines.
Stay Safe and Aware: Like any other country, it’s important to stay aware of your surroundings and take necessary precautions. Familiarize yourself with local emergency numbers and be cautious when sharing personal information or belongings.
Top recruitment agencies in Egypt
Manpower Egypt Website: www.manpoweregypt.com
AIESEC Egypt Website: www.aiesec.org.eg
Michael Page Website: www.michaelpage.com.eg
Adecco Egypt Website: www.adecco.com.eg
GulfTalent Website: www.gulftalent.com/egypt/jobs
Bayt.com Website: www.bayt.com
Wuzzuf Website: www.wuzzuf.net
Jobzella Website: www.jobzella.com
El Wardany Group Website: www.elwardanygroup.com
Target Recruitment & HR Solutions Website: www.targetdhr.com
ArabJobs Website: www.arabjobs.com
Naukrigulf Website: www.naukrigulf.com/jobs-in-egypt
Necessary phone numbers in Egypt
Emergency Services
- Police: 122
- Ambulance: 123
Fire Department: 180
Tourist Police: 126
Traffic Police: 128
Ministry of Tourism Hotline: 19654
Ministry of Health Hotline: 105
Ministry of Interior Hotline: 19626
General Directorate of Passports: 090070000
Consumer Protection Agency: 19588
Cairo International Airport: +20 2 2265 5000
Tourism Complaints Hotline: 161
Lost or Stolen Credit Cards:
- Visa/Mastercard: +1 800 847 2911
- American Express: +1 800 528 4800
The best way to immigrate to Egypt
Employment Sponsorship: If you have a job offer from an Egyptian company, they can sponsor your work visa. The employer will need to provide the necessary documentation to the Egyptian Ministry of Manpower to obtain the work permit on your behalf.
Marriage or Family Sponsorship: If you are married to an Egyptian citizen or have immediate family members who are Egyptian citizens, they can sponsor your immigration to Egypt. You will need to provide documentation to prove the relationship and fulfill the requirements set by the Ministry of Interior.
Investment: Egypt offers investment-based immigration programs for individuals who make a significant financial investment in the country. This may include establishing a business, investing in real estate, or contributing to the country’s development projects. The specific requirements and benefits vary depending on the investment program.
Student Visa: If you wish to study in Egypt, you can apply for a student visa. You will need to be accepted into a recognized educational institution in Egypt and provide the necessary documentation, including proof of financial means to support your studies.
Retiree Visa: Egypt offers a retirement visa for individuals who meet certain age and financial criteria. This visa allows retirees to reside in Egypt and enjoy their retirement years in the country. The requirements may include proof of a pension or sufficient financial resources.
